[1] J. Greeley, J. K. Nørskov, and M. Mavrikakis, Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 53, 319 (2002). doi: 10.1146/annurev.physchem.53.100301.131630
[2] H. Chadwick and R. D. Beck, Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 68, 39 (2017). doi: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-052516-044910
[3] H. A. Michelsen, C. T. Rettner, D. J. Auerbach, and R. N. Zare, J. Chem. Phys. 98, 8294 (1993). doi: 10.1063/1.464535
[4] G. O. Sitz, Rep. Prog. Phys. 65, 1165 (2002). doi: 10.1088/0034-4885/65/8/202
[5] H. Chadwick and R. D. Beck, Chem. Soc. Rev. 45, 3576 (2016). doi: 10.1039/c5cs00476d
[6] C. Díaz, E. Pijper, R. A. Olsen, H. F. Busnengo, D. J. Auerbach, and G. J. Kroes, Science 326, 832 (2009). doi: 10.1126/science.1178722
[7] E. W. F. Smeets, J. Voss, and G. J. Kroes, J. Phys. Chem. 123, 5395 (2019). doi: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b02914
[8] E. N. Ghassemi, E. W. F. Smeets, M. F. Somers, G. J. Kroes, I. M. N. Groot, L. B. F. Juurlink, and G. Füchsel, J. Phys. Chem. C 123, 2973 (2019). doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b11018
[9] E. N. Ghassemi, M. F. Somers, and G. J. Kroes, J. Phys. Chem. C 123, 10406 (2019). doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b00981
[10] L. J. Zhu, Y. L. Zhang, L. Zhang, X. Y. Zhou, and B. Jiang, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 22, 13958 (2020). doi: 10.1039/D0CP02291H
[11] G. J. Kroes, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 23, 8962 (2021). doi: 10.1039/D1CP00044F
[12] T. H. Liu, B. N. Fu, and D. H. Zhang, J. Chem. Phys. 139, 184705 (2013). doi: 10.1063/1.4829508
[13] P. R. Shirhatti, J. Geweke, C. Steinsiek, C. Bartels, I. Rahinov, D. J. Auerbach, and A. M. Wodtke, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 7, 1346 (2016). doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00289
[14] B. Kolb and H. Guo, J. Chem. Phys. 145, 011102 (2016). doi: 10.1063/1.4956453
[15] G. Füchsel, M. Del Cueto, C. Díaz, and G. J. Kroes, J. Phys. Chem. C 120, 25760 (2016). doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b07453
[16] B. Kolb, X. Luo, X. Y. Zhou, B. Jiang, and H. Guo, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 8, 666 (2017). doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02994
[17] T. H. Liu, B. N. Fu, and D. H. Zhang, J. Chem. Phys. 146, 164706 (2017). doi: 10.1063/1.4982051
[18] L. S. Zhou, X. Y. Zhou, M. Alducin, L. Zhang, B. Jiang, and H. Guo, J. Chem. Phys. 148, 014702 (2018). doi: 10.1063/1.5016054
[19] G. Füchsel, X. Y. Zhou, B. Jiang, J. I. Juaristi, M. Alducin, H. Guo, and G. J. Kroes, J. Phys. Chem. C 123, 2287 (2019). doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b10686
[20] N. Gerrits, J. Geweke, E. W. F. Smeets, J. Voss, A. M. Wodtke, and G. J. Kroes, J. Phys. Chem. C 124, 15944 (2020). doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c03756
[21] N. Gerrits, J. Geweke, D. J. Auerbach, R. D. Beck, and F. J. Kroes, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 12, 7252 (2021). doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02093
[22] K. R. Lykke and B. D. Kay, J. Chem. Phys. 92, 2614 (1990). doi: 10.1063/1.457955
[23] Q. Ran, D. Matsiev, A. M. Wodtke, and D. J. Auerbach, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 78, 104104 (2007). doi: 10.1063/1.2796149
[24] Q. Ran, D. Matsiev, D. J. Auerbach, and A. M. Wodtke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 237601 (2007). doi: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.237601
[25] I. Rahinov, R. Cooper, C. Yuan, X. M. Yang, D. J. Auerbach, and A. M. Wodtke, J. Chem. Phys. 129, 214708 (2008). doi: 10.1063/1.3028542
[26] Q. Ran, D. Matsiev, D. J. Auerbach, and A. M. Wodtke, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms 258, 1 (2007). doi: 10.1016/j.nimb.2006.12.077
[27] Q. H. Liu, X. Y. Zhou, L. S. Zhou, Y. L. Zhang, X. Luo, H. Guo, and B. Jiang, Phys. Chem. C 122, 1761 (2018). doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b12064
[28] Q. Q. Shen, J. W. Wu, F. Y. Zhou, Y. L. Song, W. R. Dong, X. A. Wang, T. Wang, and X. M. Yang, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 93, 013201 (2022). doi: 10.1063/5.0049178
[29] L. E. Davis, N. C. MacDonald, P. W. Palmberg, G. E. Riach, and R. E. Weber, Handbook of Auger Electron Spectroscopy, 2nd Edn, Edina: PHI Industries, (1976).
[30] G. N. Kastanas and B. E. Koel, Appl. Surf. Sci. 64, 235 (1993). doi: 10.1016/0169-4332(93)90030-f
[31] N. D. Spencer and R. M. Lambert, Surf. Sci. 107, 237 (1981). doi: 10.1016/0039-6028(81)90623-3
[32] G. Jan Daniel, Scattering HCl Molecules from Au(111)and Ag(111) Surface, Lausanne: EPFL, (2019).
[33] G. Kresse and J. Furthmüller, Phys. Rev. B 54, 11169 (1996). doi: 10.1103/physrevb.54.11169
[34] G. Kresse and J. Furthmüller, Comp. Mater. Sci. 6, 15 (1996). doi: 10.1016/0927-0256(96)00008-0
[35] Y. K. Zhang and W. T. Yang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 890 (1998). doi: 10.1103/physrevlett.80.890
[36] P. E. Blöchl, Phys. Rev. B 50, 17953 (1994). doi: 10.1103/physrevb.50.17953
[37] G. Henkelman, B. P. Uberuaga, and H. Jónsson, J. Chem. Phys. 113, 9901 (2000). doi: 10.1063/1.1329672
[38] G. Henkelman and H. Jónsson, J. Chem. Phys. 113, 9978 (2000). doi: 10.1063/1.1323224
[39] J. P. Perdew and Y. Wang, Phys. Rev. B 45, 13244 (1992). doi: 10.1103/physrevb.45.13244
[40] M. Head-Gordon and J. C. Tully, J. Chem. Phys. 103, 10137 (1995). doi: 10.1063/1.469915
[41] T. H. Liu, B. N. Fu, and D. H. Zhang, Sci. China Chem. 57, 147 (2014). doi: 10.1007/s11426-013-5005-7
[42] H. Ueta, L. Chen, R. D. Beck, I. Coloón-Dìaz, and B. Jackson, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 15, 20526 (2013). doi: 10.1039/c3cp52244j
[43] P. M. Hundt, B. Jiang, M. E. Van Reijzen, H. Guo, and R. D. Beck, Science 344, 504 (2014). doi: 10.1126/science.1251277
[44] N. Gerrits, E. W. F. Smeets, S. Vuckovic, A. D. Powell, K. Doblhoff-Dier, and G. J. Kroes, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 11, 10552 (2020). doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02452
[45] C. L. Box, Y. L. Zhang, R. R. Yin, B. Jiang, and R. J. Maurer, JACS Au 1, 164 (2021). doi: 10.1021/jacsau.0c00066
[46] N. Shenvi, S. Roy, and J. C. Tully, J. Chem. Phys. 130, 174107 (2009). doi: 10.1063/1.3125436